2012年7月10日 星期二

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Blogs - All topics
Mayo Clinic experts blog about various health topics. // via fulltextrssfeed.com
Tips to save time, eat healthy and exercise regularly
Jul 10th 2012, 05:00

  • The Mayo Clinic Diet blog

  • July 10, 2012

    By Donald Hensrud, M.D.

We live in a busy world and few people have too much time on their hands. This makes living a healthy lifestyle and managing weight challenging, because it takes time and effort. So, how can we more effectively manage weight in this busy world we live in?

It helps to have the right perspective. For almost all of us, I'd suggest it isn't time that prevents us from making efforts, it's priorities. Achieving a healthy weight can help improve health in many ways, improve quality of life, and help us live longer. What could be more important than that?

Although it takes time to implement healthy lifestyle habits, the return on investment is tremendous — which makes the time investment worth it.

Another helpful item is to look at managing weight not as something "extra" to do, but rather a part of our everyday lifestyle. Just as we eat and sleep every day, we should get some type of physical activity every day, whether it's exercise, activities throughout the day or both.

Taking time to seek out and prepare or purchase healthy, low-calorie food should also be part of our lifestyle, just like brushing our teeth. This doesn't mean you need to spend hours in the kitchen or gym. And some days are certainly tighter than others.

But there are strategies you can employ to make healthy weight management part of your life. At first, it will take a little longer, just like it takes longer to make a recipe you've never made before.

But as time goes on, it becomes more second nature to eat well and be active. For example, many people say they don't feel right if they don't get regular physical activity.

Here are some ways to save time but still eat healthy and get regular physical activity:

  • Keep staples on hand for quick, healthy meals. At our house, we can quickly make Greek salads, bean burritos, and whole wheat pasta with red sauce and vegetables because we try and keep the ingredients in the house.
  • Look for excuses to walk during the day. Walk while talking on the phone, walk after lunch or better yet — to and from lunch. Walk to talk to a colleague instead of emailing, park a little farther away — you've heard that one before, but have you tried it? Calories burned can add up quickly.
  • Buy prepackaged salads, frozen vegetables, canned no-fat beans, canned tuna and other healthy convenience foods for a pinch.
  • Set a time to get exercise or other physical activity and stick to it. Put it in pen on your regular schedule — it's more important than almost anything else you do.

"The Mayo Clinic Diet" book has other suggestions for effective and time-efficient weight management strategies.  What are some of the ways you incorporate time-saving weight management strategies in diet and physical activity in your lifestyle? Please share.

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Negative behaviors may signal unmet needs
Jul 10th 2012, 05:00

  • Alzheimer's blog

  • July 10, 2012

    By Angela Lunde

Linnie wrote recently about the meaningful life she shares with her husband even though the past nine years have included living with Alzheimer's disease. Linnie is the primary caregiver for her husband and she is fortunate to employ the help of others as well.

Although I don't know Linnie personally, I am quite sure she is a loving wife and remarkable caregiver. She wrote that she's: " ...always aiming to be loving and respectful, even in times when his behavior threatens to send me over the edge."

I think all caregivers understand what Linnie means when she mentions "his behavior." In caring for a person with dementia, the term "behaviors" is often used to imply some negative distress exhibited and observed in the person with dementia. It can include agitation, paranoia, resistance, or even yelling and hitting.

For a long time I have said to caregivers "Blame the disease, not the person." It's a way to help caregivers separate the person with Alzheimer's from some undesirable behavior, and to appreciate that the person with dementia is not intentionally acting bad or trying to upset, frustrate or annoy caregivers. I still maintain this notion, and certainly we should not blame the person for their disease. Yet, I want to be cautious that we do not simply dismiss or blame the behaviors on the dementia. To do so can have tremendous consequences on the overall well-being of the person with dementia, as well as to you, the caregiver.

It makes sense that behaviors such as agitation, yelling, hitting or uncooperativeness are part of a brain dysfunction linked to dementia, but here's what I want to make clearer — dementia itself does not create these behaviors. The environment, physical discomfort (pain for example), our approach and communication style are just a few things that can have a person with dementia behaving in a particular way.

A colleague of mine recently described dementia as a type of disability where one's experience of the world is shifting over time, and that the distress or behaviors exhibited by a person with dementia are purely an expression of need. I think most of us probably believe that much of human behavior is motivated by specific needs that have to be met. Abraham Maslow, a psychologist, talks about basic human needs — food, warmth, sleep, safety and security, as well as higher order needs such as the need for affection, belonging, love and self-esteem.

A person with dementia has both basic and higher order needs, including those for social contact, physical touch, praise, and a sense of belonging, purpose and control. Yet for people with dementia, their ability to satisfy these needs on their own diminishes over time and can go unrecognized. And as persons with dementia lose their ability to communicate their needs effectively though words and language, overt behaviors fill the void. In other words, behavior is communication.

Caregivers as well as doctors and other professionals tend to label behaviors with words such as difficult, disruptive or, worse yet, will label a person with dementia as combative, resistive or challenging. Yet behaviors are simply communication tools when language and other means of coping are no longer available. I believe one of the best things we can do for a person with dementia is to shift our way of thinking and view behaviors as neither good nor bad, but as a bold sign that there is an unmet need that requires attention.

If you accept what I am saying, then we as caregivers (family, friends) can play an enormous role in easing (and preventing) distress for the person with dementia and ultimately ourselves. Teepa Snow, an extraordinary dementia education and care specialist said recently, "If we can help care partners see the 'behaviors' as the tip of the iceberg and as something to be curious about, to investigate and to explore, rather than to judge, then we can change the entire paradigm."

As a family or professional caregiver how do you begin to investigate, explore and figure out the unmet need? Family caregivers may have an upper hand here because they understand better than anyone the personality traits, life history and personal preferences of the person with dementia. This understanding offers important clues. Yet family members can also struggle the most because this shift requires letting go of the person as they once were, altering expectations and changing well established patterns of communication.

In my next post, I am going to offer more insights as well as specific techniques and strategies for uncovering the message (unmet need) behind the behavior.

Until then, I think Linnie has some excellent advice, "While living with Alzheimer's disease is no picnic, I believe Alzheimer's disease is manageable if one can hang onto an attitude of gratitude, laughter and love."

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